Mr. M, an elderly man with chronic lung disease, was found on the floor of his kitchen by a neighbor, who spotted his prone body through an open window. Emergency medical personnel noted that he had a weak pulse and low oxygen level. Labs and imaging in the emergency department suggested that he was in respiratory failure from pneumonia, and he was quickly started on IV antibiotics and fluid support. However, his breathing grew more tenuous during his stay in the emergency department. The physician attending to him did not have access to the details of Mr. M’s medical history or end-of life-wishes, since his hospital and primary care physician had different electronic medical record (EMR) systems. Mr. M later experienced cardiopulmonary arrest in the emergency department, requiring a full resuscitation, intubation, and transfer to the intensive care unit.